A Uniquely Historic CityBath is a city in the southwest of England with a population of about 80,000, situated 159km west of London. Designated as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO, the city is the principal centre of the Bath and North East Somerset authority, which boasts a population of 170,000.
Bath was founded in the valley of the River Avon, around the only naturally occurring hot springs in the United Kingdom, by the Romans around AD63. Edgar was crowned king of England at Bath Abbey in 973 and Bath was granted city status by Queen Elizabeth I in 1590. It became popular as a spa resort during the Georgian era (18th century), which led to a major expansion that left a heritage of exemplary Georgian architecture crafted from Bath Stone. The city became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987, and it is the only city in the world to be an UNESCO site in its entirety.
Bath has a variety of theatres, museums, and other cultural and sporting venues, which have helped to make it a major centre for tourism, with over one million overnight visitors and 3.8 million day visitors to the city each year. The city has two universities and several schools and colleges.
There is a large service sector and growing information and communication technology and creative industries, providing employment for the population of Bath and the surrounding area.
Planning and Transportation in BathBath is not just a historic marvel, but a living, growing city that must constantly change in order to keep up the modern world. The nearly 4 million tourists per year are vital to the city's economy, but the resulting gridlock and pollution from cars and buses have decreased the quality of life. Some areas of Bath have been historically neglected — particularly along the riverfront to the south and west of the city centre — and the quality of the public realm has suffered in places.
In recent years, Bath has sought to reinvent itself, adopting a new approach to planning and transportation. Some of the notable initiatives are:
Change does not come easily to Bath; its residents are strongly (and justifiably) protective of their city, and all changes can expect to be thoroughly scrutinized by a very active and engaged civil society.
ATS is participating in the CIVITAS Renaissance Project, an EU-funded package to study and implement sustainable transportation projects in historic city environments. A principal idea behind CIVITAS is the use of cutting edge transport to alleviate the various problems that arise in cities, such as congestion and pollution.
The Renaissance project is being carried out in five European cities, Perugia (Italy), Gorna Oryahovitsa (Bulgaria), Szczecinek (Poland), Skopje (Macedonia) and Bath (UK), with numerous partners involved in investigations into a variety of transport solutions.